Relevant bibliographies by topics / Comparative literature|Literature|American literature

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Comparative literature|Literature|American literature'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 9 July 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Comparative literature|Literature|American literature"

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Greene, Roland. "American Comparative Literature: Reticence and Articulation." World Literature Today 69, no. 2 (1995): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40151139.

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Prieto, Rene, and Alfred J. MacAdam. "Textual Confrontations. Comparative Readings in Latin American Literature." MLN 104, no. 2 (1989): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2905155.

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Hassett, John J., and Alfred J. Mac Adam. "Textual Confrontations: Comparative Readings in Latin American Literature." Hispanic Review 56, no. 3 (1988): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/474043.

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Gledson, John, and Alfred J. MacAdam. "Textual Confrontations: Comparative Readings in Latin American Literature." Bulletin of Latin American Research 7, no. 1 (1988): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3338448.

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Agosin, M., and Alfred J. MacAdam. "Textual Confrontations: Comparative Readings in Latin American Literature." Rocky Mountain Review of Language and Literature 42, no. 4 (1988): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1346981.

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Ledgerwood, Mikle D., and Alfred J. MacAdam. "Textual Confrontations: Comparative Readings in Latin American Literature." South Atlantic Review 53, no. 3 (1988): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3200654.

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Das, Dilip K. "The Image of American Police in Comparative Literature." Police Journal: Theory, Practice and Principles 59, no. 3 (1986): 265–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032258x8605900313.

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Wang, Ning. "Globalizing Comparative Literature: Toward a New Millennium—A Survey of the Third Sino-American Symposium on Comparative Literature." Comparative Literature: East & West 3, no. 1 (2001): 169–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/25723618.2001.12015289.

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Brennan, Timothy. "EDWARD SAID AND COMPARATIVE LITERATURE." Journal of Palestine Studies 33, no. 3 (2004): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jps.2004.33.3.023.

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Between 1969 and 1979, Edward Said redefined American comparative literature, coining phrases, supplying a new critical pantheon (Vico, Schwab), and, above all, devising a method. Falling between generations and facing two different kinds of continental èèmigrèè——one philological, the other textualist——Said outmaneuvered the latter by reinterpreting the former. In a two-pronged move, he unleashed an arsenal of arguments against both new critical formalism and its latter-day avatars in ““theory.”” With these arguments, his authority was penetrating and atmospherically felt as he chipped away at the edifice of traditional comparative literature by emphasizing the situatedness of form and the transitive intelligence of humanist intellectuals.
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Heise, Ursula K. "Globality, Difference, and the International Turn in Ecocriticism." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 128, no. 3 (2013): 636–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2013.128.3.636.

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Comparative literature has always pursued literary studies in a transnational framework. But for much of its history it has been a “modest intellectual enterprise, fundamentally limited to Western Europe, and mostly revolving around the river Rhine (German philologists working on French literature). Not much more,” as Franco Moretti pithily sums it up (54). The rise of postcolonial theory in the wake of Edward Said's and Gayatri Spivak's influential work vastly expanded comparatist horizons, as did the attention to minority literatures that spread outward from the study of American literature and culture in the 1990s. In 1993 Charles Bernheimer's report to the American Comparative Literature Association, “Comparative Literature at the Turn of the Century,” criticized the elitist and exclusionary tenor of earlier reports on the state of the discipline by Harry Levin (1965) and Tom Greene (1975). Instead, it emphasized “tendencies in literary studies, toward a multicultural, global, and interdisciplinary curriculum” and called for an expansion from comparative literature's traditional focus on a mostly western European and North American canon of works to a truly global conception of Goethean Weltliteratur, for inclusion of previously marginalized minority literatures from around the world, and for connections to media studies, other humanities disciplines, and the social sciences (47).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Comparative literature|Literature|American literature"

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Metz-Cherne, Emily. "Inconceivable Saviors| Indigeneity and Childhood in U.S. and Andean Literature." Thesis, University of Pittsburgh, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3573262.

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This dissertation explores the question of indigenous development and its literary representation through an investigation of depictions of growth in novels from the United States and Peru where boys mature, perhaps, into men. I find that texts with adolescent characters intimately connected to indigenous communities challenge western concepts of maturity and development as presented in the traditional Bildungsroman. Specifically, I read José María Arguedas’s Los ríos profundo s (1958) and Sherman Alexie’s Flight (2007) as parodies of the genre that call into question the allegory of a western civilizing mission with its lineal trajectory of growth in which the indigenous is relegated to an uncivilized time before modernity. I describe the protagonists of these novels as inconceivable saviors; inconceivable in that the West cannot imagine them, as indigenous, to be the saviors of the nation (i.e., its protectors and reproducers). They are border-thinkers who live in-between epistemological spaces and the stories of their lives serve as kinds of border- Bildungsromane, narratives of growth that arise in the blurred time/space of a border culture, or Bil(dung)sroman, stories of the abject or expelled. Arguedas’s and Alexie’s narratives confront the issue of race, a problem that allegories of the consolidation and development of the nation (e.g., Bildungsroman and foundational fictions) evade through magical means by turning the form into a fetish and presenting fetishized fetal origins that offer reassurances of legitimacy for the western narrative of modernity and the nation-state. That is, the traditional form acts like a talisman that magically disappears the fragmentation of coloniality by providing a history to hold on to, creating an origin that does not really exist. Instead of conforming to the model of the genre or rejecting it, Arguedas’s and Alexie’s texts yield to the power of the original form, appearing to tell the familiar story while carrying a subversive message. Their power derives from the uncertainty inherent in this mimesis. In this way, these novels encourage readers to question the maturation process as conceived and represented in the west and in western literature and to consider alternative paths and formations of self.

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Kattemalavadi, Chinmayi. "(An) Unsettled Commons| Narrative and Trauma after 9/11." Thesis, Wayne State University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10261366.

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This dissertation examines fictional responses to the events of September 11, 2001. It argues for the importance of one kind of fictional response, one which focuses on representing the feeling of "unsettledness" that can be one effect of trauma, with the aim of making that unsettledness itself a locus of a shared common experience. I posit that in articulating the events of 9/11 in the context of, in relation to, and as one in a series of traumas, violences, and histories, these narratives make the unsettlements shareable. Focusing on four works of fiction that were published after 9/11—Joseph O’Neill’s Netherland, Junot Díaz’s The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao (Oscar Wao), Teju Cole’s Open City, and Jennifer Egan’s A Visit From the Goon Squad (Goon Squad)—I explore representations of the effects of and the attempts to cope with traumatic experiences including 9/11 itself.

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Idini, Antonio Giovanni 1958. "Detecting colonialism: Detective fiction in Native American and Sardinian literatures." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282702.

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This dissertation compares Native American and Sardinian literatures, focussing on literary renditions of detective stories, a recent development which has occurred in both literatures. The study is based on Procedura (1988), and Il terzo suono (1995), by Sardinian author Salvatore Mannuzzu; The Sharpest Sight (1992), Bone Game (1994), and Nightland (1996) by Choctaw-Cherokee-Irish writer Louis Owens. In both literatures the use of detective fiction embodies the authors' commentary regarding the discourse on colonization. Recurrent thematic features are the concern with history, notably the history of domination and the processes that have led to the present post-colonial condition. The drive towards solving the crime symbolizes and comments upon the necessity of addressing the history of colonization, past and present, both of the land and its people. All the novels included in this study elaborate the basic features of the genre in innovative ways that offer significant commentaries on the condition of these two colonized peoples. The truth at the end of the narration is broken down to a multiplicity of competing narratives. The dispossession and exploitation of ancestral land are textually structured as crimes which further parallel and comment upon the murder of human beings. Also, the characters of the detectives are pivotal for the embodiment of a critique of the classic anthropological model. The gathering of data in order to offer a 'scientific' version of the truth is an endeavor shared by criminal investigators as well as anthropologists, ethnologists and archaeologists. Since classic detective fiction and modern science developed simultaneously around the middle of nineteenth century, it is not coincidental that post-colonial authors of detective fiction feel the necessity to address the self-appointed superiority of so-called scientific discourse. As both cultures have been commodified as objects to be studied by external social scientists, Mannuzzu's and Owens's refusal to depict a univocal solution is also indicative of the clash between definitions elaborated by outsiders versus forms of traditional knowledge within the cultural group.
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Rezek, Joseph Paul. "Tales from elsewhere fiction at a proximate distance in the anglophone Atlantic /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1925765691&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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James, Jessica. "CTRL-ALT-DELETE." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1523196.

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This thesis examines concepts of control, alternation, and deletion (CTRL, ALT, DELETE) through the poetic process. By examining some of the specific poems presented here, one can see the effects of literary and social critics including Michel Foucault, Hart Crane, and Adrienne Rich on my poetry. Thematically, structurally, and linguistically, the poems in this thesis address contemporary concerns and ask the reader to face the challenges of postmillennial life with creativity, empathy, and humor.

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Ouellet, Annie, and Raymond Carver. "Veux-tu te taire, s'il te plat? : critique de la traduction de Carver." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30196.

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Among the different theories of translation, the work of critic Antoine Berman is most remarkable. In Pour une critique des traductions: John Donne, published in 1994, Berman suggests, in the segment entitled "Le projet d'une critique 'productive'", a critical method of translation that is not a "model", but a possible analytical process. By following the steps devised by Berman, we will endeavor to apply this method to a translation of several short stories by the American writer Raymond Carver, chosen from the collection Will You Please Be Quiet Please?, first published by McGraw-Hill in 1976. The work has only been translated into French once, by Francois Lasquin in 1987. Our analysis will be based on this version.
The creative component of our Master's Thesis will consist in a new translated versions of the selected short stories from Carver's collection, namely: Fat, They're Not Your Husband, Are You A Doctor?, Nobody Said Anything, Night School, The Student's Wife and Bicycles, Muscles, Cigarets .
Subsequent to the applications of the possible analytical process , we will compare the version presented in the first part of this Thesis with Francois Lasquin's, using the tools proposed by Berman. This comparison will be based on the deformation tendencies theory found in Berman's essay: "La traduction et la lettre ou l'auberge du lointain", published in 1985 in les tours de babel. Finally, we will re-emphasize the recurrent changes suggested in the version we are presenting. This analysis leads us to a discussion of our own conceptions of translation, and the elements that motivate and justify our choices concerning translation and translating.
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Kang, Meekyung Yoon. "Emerson and Melville: "A correspondent coloring"." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288970.

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This study examines Emerson's influence on Melville's works from Mardi through The Confidence-Man. Each work demonstrates Melville's deep concern and keen interest in Emerson's optimistic idealism and transcendentalism and documents his changing attitude toward key Emersonian concepts. Melville questions and interprets Emerson's ideas of self-reliance and subjectivity and explores in detail Emerson's way of seeing nature and the world. Since Emerson's epistemology and ontology are epitomized in the images of "eye" and "star," Melville utilizes these images to express his response to and interpretation of Emerson. In this process he suggests the ways in which both men were geniuses of their times and possessed "a correspondent coloring." As generations of critics have noticed, Emerson's influence on Melville's work is prominent and pervasive, but it is also, at times implicit and ambiguous. In my reading of the novels, I explore the way in which Melville at once acknowledges Emerson's influence and calls a number of his crucial concepts into question. Central here are Emerson's theories of seeing and reading, problems of perception and interpretation. Though Melville agrees with Emerson's idea of the world as "an open book" or a text, he is suspicious of reading that book, for, as Melville understands it, nature is indecipherable or inscrutable. As a creative reader and a creative writer, Melville devotes his career to an attempt to write the great American work that Emerson had called for in the "American Scholar." Each of the novels I examine embodies Melville's careful and close reading and critical interpretation of Emerson and his works. Since Melville recognized Emerson as an "uncommon man" and a "great man," he was attracted to his ideas and his works. However, as his career developed, he became more and more aware of what he had called Emerson's "gaping flaw," and that flaw for Melville involved Emerson's influence on the current literary culture as well as Emerson's ideas as such. By the time of The Confidence-Man he had lost his faith in Emerson and the literary world he had come to represent.
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Thompson, Ruthe Marie 1957. "Working mother: The birth of the subject in the novel." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288733.

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One of the primary objectives of the realist novel has been to imitate the linguistic processes that assert and maintain the idea of a coherent identity. In Working Mother: The Birth of the Subject in the Novel, I present a developmental view of the birth of the subject as articulated by some of the architects of the novel. In an examination of James and Henry Austen's Loiterer, Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice, Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin, and Henry James' Washington Square, I locate and analyze narrative sites that mirror, presage, and/or encourage the production of readerly subjectivity across the body of a female or feminized figure, usually a mother. I employ a psychoanalytic and semiotic point of view to demonstrate the mother's role in narrative subject formation via the process of "suture." Margaret Homans, Christine Boheemen, and others have argued that the novel--and indeed all of Western culture--depends upon the repression of the mother. In Homan's useful formulation "the mother's absence is what makes possible and makes necessary the central projects of our culture." Active subjugation, incorporation, and disavowal of the maternal--ejecting the mother from the story, separating her from the protagonist, and from the reader--enable subjects to be produced in the novel form. Aggressivity as well as narcissism, disavowal as well as incorporation, help to jettison the originary feminine from the novel, leaving an absent space in which the subject can enunciate.
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Ritchie, Amanda Ross. "Margaret Fuller and the politics of German sensibility." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289215.

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This study seeks to accomplish two goals. First, it will reestablish Margaret Fuller (1810-1850) as America's first important interpreter of Johann Wolfgang Goethe (1749-1832), Germany's best-known lyric poet. The study includes full transcription and complete annotation of Fuller's Reading Journal O manuscript detailing the experimental series of Conversations on Goethe that Fuller conducted in the spring or summer of 1839. The manuscript suggests that Fuller was an expert on all of Goethe's works, not just on his literary oeuvre. The experimental series of Conversations on Goethe was a prototype for the Boston Conversations for Women, those watershed events in the history of the American women's movement that Fuller envisioned and then carried out between the fall of 1839, and the winter of 1844. Second, this study will examine Fuller's debt to German sensibility as she found it in Goethe and other German writers of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Fuller learned Innerlichkeit, inwardness, and Gelassenheit, or serenity, from her long study of German letters. Her incorporation of German sensibility was useful to her in two ways. First, German sensibility was important to Fuller's unique pedagogical philosophy. By encouraging her students to practice German sensibility, Fuller taught them how to educate themselves through their own initiatives. Second, German sensibility facilitated Fuller's critical stance, thereby aiding in the development of her feminism. Fuller's discussion of Iphigenia, the heroine of Goethe's classical play called Iphigenia at Tauris, displays the extent of her reliance on German sensibility in creating her most insightful feminist writings. Fuller wrote about Goethe's Iphigenia in the July 1841 issue of the transcendentalist journal called the Dial. Her remarks a there prove that her feminism was fully developed two years before she wrote "The Great Lawsuit: Man vs. Men, Woman vs. Women," the essay she expanded and later published as Woman in the Nineteenth Century.
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Rojcewicz, Stephen J. "Our tears| Thornton Wilder's reception and Americanization of the Latin and Greek classics." Thesis, University of Maryland, College Park, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10260313.

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I argue in this dissertation that Thornton Wilder is a poeta doctus, a learned playwright and novelist, who consciously places himself within the classical tradition, creating works that assimilate Greek and Latin literature, transforming our understanding of the classics through the intertextual aspects of his writings. Never slavishly following his ancient models, Wilder grapples with classical literature not only through his fiction set in ancient times but also throughout his literary output, integrating classical influences with biblical, medieval, Renaissance, early modern, and modern sources. In particular, Wilder dramatizes the Americanization of these influences, fulfilling what he describes in an early newspaper interview as the mission of the American writer: merging classical works with the American spirit.

Through close reading; examination of manuscript drafts, journal entries, and correspondence; and philological analysis, I explore Wilder’s development of classical motifs, including the female sage, the torch race of literature, the Homeric hero, and the spread of manure. Wilder’s first published novel, The Cabala, demonstrates his identification with Vergil as the Latin poet’s American successor. Drawing on feminist scholarship, I investigate the role of female sages in Wilder’s novels and plays, including the example of Emily Dickinson. The Skin of Our Teeth exemplifies Wilder’s metaphor of literature as a “Torch Race,” based on Lucretius and Plato: literature is a relay race involving the cooperation of numerous peoples and cultures, rather than a purely competitive endeavor.

Vergil’s expression, sunt lacrimae rerum et mentem mortalia tangunt [Here are the tears of the world, and human matters touch the heart] (Vergil: Aeneid 1.462), haunts much of Wilder’s oeuvre. The phrase lacrimae rerum is multivocal, so that the reader must interpret it. Understanding lacrimae rerum as “tears for the beauty of the world,” Wilder utilizes scenes depicting the wonder of the world and the resulting sorrow when individuals recognize this too late. Saturating his works with the spirit of antiquity, Wilder exhorts us to observe lovingly and to live life fully while on earth. Through characters such as Dolly Levi in The Matchmaker and Emily Webb in Our Town, Wilder transforms Vergil’s lacrimae rerum into “Our Tears.”

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Books on the topic "Comparative literature|Literature|American literature"

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Imagined dialogues: Eastern European literature in conversation with American and English literature. Northwestern University Press, 2000.

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Literature and marginality: Comparative perspectives in African, American, Australian and Indian Dalit literature. Kalpaz Publications, 2014.

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The Palgrave handbook of comparative North American literature. Palgrave Macmillan, 2014.

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Adam, Alfred J. Mac. Textual confrontations: Comparative readings in Latin American literature. University of Chicago Press, 1987.

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Nischik, Reingard M., ed. The Palgrave Handbook of Comparative North American Literature. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137413901.

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Invisiblity in African American and Asian American literature: A comparative study. McFarland & Co., 2008.

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Multicultural American literature: Comparative black, native, Latino/a and Asian American fictions. Edinburgh University Press, 2003.

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Lee, A. Robert. Multicultural American literature: Comparative Black, Native, Latino/a and Asian American fictions. University Press of Mississippi, 2003.

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Lee, A. Robert. Multicultural American literature: Comparative Black, Native, Latino/a and Asian American fictions. University Press of Mississippi, 2004.

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Through other continents: American literature across deep time. Princeton University Press, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Comparative literature|Literature|American literature"

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Morency, Jean. "Québécois Literature and American Literature." In The Palgrave Handbook of Comparative North American Literature. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137413901_8.

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Gifford, Henry. "American literature—the special case." In Comparative Literature. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003091837-6.

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Freitag, Florian. "Regionalism in American and Canadian Literature." In The Palgrave Handbook of Comparative North American Literature. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137413901_11.

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Vautier, Marie. "Comparative Canadian/Québécois Literature Studies." In The Palgrave Handbook of Comparative North American Literature. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137413901_7.

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Banita, Georgiana. "North American Literature and Global Studies: Transnationalism at War." In The Palgrave Handbook of Comparative North American Literature. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137413901_17.

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Rosenthal, Caroline. "North American Urban Fiction." In The Palgrave Handbook of Comparative North American Literature. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137413901_13.

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Nischik, Reingard M. "Comparative North American Studies and Its Contexts: Introduction." In The Palgrave Handbook of Comparative North American Literature. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137413901_1.

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Sarkowsky, Katja. "Comparing Indigenous Literatures in Canada and the United States." In The Palgrave Handbook of Comparative North American Literature. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137413901_5.

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Sadowski-Smith, Claudia. "The Literatures of the Mexico-US and Canada-US Borders." In The Palgrave Handbook of Comparative North American Literature. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137413901_10.

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Kannenberg, Christina. "The North in English Canada and Quebec." In The Palgrave Handbook of Comparative North American Literature. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137413901_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Comparative literature|Literature|American literature"

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Tang, Tianqing. "Comparative Study of Chinese and Western Cultural Differences in British and American Literature." In Proceedings of the 2018 3rd International Conference on Education, E-learning and Management Technology (EEMT 2018). Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iceemt-18.2018.115.

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Kamil, Sukron. "Islam and Capitalism: American Comparative Literature Study Toward Achdiat Karta Mihardja’s Atheis Novel." In Proceedings of the 2nd Internasional Conference on Culture and Language in Southeast Asia (ICCLAS 2018). Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icclas-18.2019.54.

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Barbosa, Fábio C. "Competition Into Brazilian and North American Freight Rail Systems: A Comparative Regulatory Assessment." In 2018 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2018-6138.

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Competition is the driving force of any economic system, as it creates a challenging environment for service suppliers to provide affordable and reliable services to customers. Rail systems are an important element of the logistic chain, as they provide a unique service category (generally transporting large volumes at low unit costs) to shippers that otherwise would not be serviced by other modes — the so called captive shippers. In this scenario, competition is essential to guarantee the required service levels (availability and reliability), followed by competitive rates, which ultimately may influence shippers’ business competitiveness, both regionally and globally. Brazil and some North American countries (Canada, Mexico and United States), have a common feature, i.e. continental territories allied with the economic exploitation of bulky activities (industrial, mineral and agricultural), and, hence, depend strongly on heavy haul rail systems. These countries have been performing a continuous effort on improving competition practices into their rail systems, which are translated into important, and sometimes controversial, regulatory measures. These initiatives require a tenuous equilibrium, as they are supposed to provide the required competitive service at affordable rates for shippers, as well as a sustainable (financial and operational) environment to rail carriers, to guarantee the required return on long term investments and avoid compromising medium and long term rail network efficiency. This challenging task for rail market stakeholders (rail carriers, shippers and regulators) is far from a consensus. Rail companies claim that, as a capital intensive sector, governmental regulatory intervention into the rail system may inhibit their ability to invest the required funds to provide and expand rail capacity, as well as the maintenance of the required safety levels. Shippers, on the other hand, state that rail systems operate within a strong market concentration (originally formatted or due to subsequent merges and acquisitions) that give some rail carriers a disproportionate market power, that resembles a monopoly, which ultimately leaves a significant contingent of the so called captive shippers with just one freight rail carrier option, sometimes subjected to excessive rates, and, in some special instances (into offer restricted rail markets, for example), are responsible for the unavailability of rail services into the required volumes. In this context, there is currently a controversial debate regarding the effectiveness of competitive regulatory remedies into freight rail systems. This debate includes both market oriented rail systems (Canadian and U.S.), as well as rail contractual granted ones (Brazilian and Mexican). In the formers, the systems are mostly owned and operated by the private sector, and inter and intra modal options may theoretically provide the required competition level, while in the latter, rail systems have been broken into separate pieces and granted to the private sector under a concession arrangement, followed by an exclusive right to serve their territories, with trackage rights provisions, to be exerted by third parties, under previously defined circumstances and subjected to contractual agreements among rail operators. In both systems, competitive regulatory actions may be desirable and effective, as far as they may address the technical-operational-economic boundary conditions of each particular rail system. This work is supposed to present, into a review format, sourced from an extensive research into available international technical literature, and gathered as a unique document, an overview of the Brazilian and North American freight rail competition scenario, followed by a technical and unbiased effectiveness’ assessment of current (existing) and proposed competitive regulatory freight rail initiatives into Brazil, Canada, Mexico and United States, highlighting their strengths and eventually their weaknesses.
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